The gradual improvement of people's awareness of environmental protection has prompted more and more people to pay attention to the adverse effects of printing on the environment and human health. Here, the author will introduce the materials that may cause pollution in the pre-press plate making, printing and post-press processing, as well as the development trend of environmentally friendly materials in the future.
Prepress platemaking
Film
When using photographic film for plate making, the discharge of developer will seriously pollute the environment, so with the advancement of printing environmental protection process, the use of photographic film will be less and less, instead it will be inkjet film, and then no longer need Contaminated developer and fixer.
2. Plate
Different printing methods use different environmentally friendly printing plates. In the future, offset printing will use CTP aluminum plate flushed with chemical-free liquid, no need for highly contaminated organic developer; flexo will use laser-cut low-contamination rubber plate or resin CTP plate, and use water to develop; gravure will be used The electronic engraving method no longer uses the etching copper plate method; the screen printing will use a low-pollution environmentally friendly screen and a photosensitive film, and use water to develop; digital printing will use an erasable printing plate.
3. Refrigeration refrigerant (refrigerant)
Due to the old Freon (R22) snow, it has been proven to destroy the ozone layer. Therefore, the CTP equipment and the refrigeration system of the plate processor and the fountain solution cooling system will choose the "Environmental Snow" (R134a, R410a) compressor. .
Printing link
Ink
Offset printing uses inks made from soy oil-based solvents, resins, heavy metal-free pigments or dyes; gravure and flexo printing are water-based inks and are the future trend. In addition, the use of paper cans or ink in large drums is a way to save energy and reduce waste.
2. Dampening solution
Traditional dampening solutions contain alcohol or isopropanol. By evaporation and discharge, VOC is produced, which pollutes the atmosphere and the environment. Currently, although there are alcohol-free fountain solutions, it may emit more VOCs. I have seen some kind of alcohol-free fountain solution, which really reduces the pollution of alcohol to the environment, but the VOC emissions of the added replacement agent are much higher than the VOC emissions of alcohol. Printing companies no longer use alcohol dampening solution, it must be the future trend.
3. Spraying powder
Nowadays, the powder used for dusting has been changed to starch, because calcium carbonate powder is heavy and difficult to fly, but it is harmful to human body and its use will be limited.
In the future, it will be possible to switch to LED UV-curable inks or water-based glazing.
4. Ink roller
Most offset ink rollers use NBR vulcanization. However, for many printed materials that are prohibited from exceeding the standard of phosphorus, the use of such an ink roller during printing causes precipitation of phosphide and is transferred to the paper by the ink, thereby causing harm to the human body. With the advancement of the times, the printing industry has also introduced the corresponding environmentally friendly ink roller.
5. Cycle oil
Most presses use circulating oils (especially circulating oils with special additives) to lubricate and cool, but they all produce VOCs that affect the health of the operator. In addition, in addition to recycling some of the waste cycle oil, the general printing company will discharge a considerable part of the waste cycle oil into the sewer, thus seriously polluting the environment.
6. Lighting tube
The printing workshop is an area that consumes a lot of lighting power, so it can be replaced with a T5 lighting tube instead of a T8 lighting tube. Although this change is small, the effect is remarkable. According to the author's understanding, a printing company uses this method to save nearly 1.5 million yuan in electricity bills every year, and after installing nano-reflective sheets on the basis of T5 lighting tubes, it can save more than 1.4 million per year. Electricity is used, which also reduces the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by power generation.
Post-press processing
Varnish
Waterborne glazing oil is divided into bright and matt type. Although the main components are water-soluble resins, most water-based glazing oils are still organic pollution varnishes. It will pollute the environment by volatilization and discharge, especially when cleaning, it requires a lot of water, which is wasteful and not environmentally friendly.
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