In the 1990s, imaging technology entered the era of three-dimensional portraiture, and human visual experience entered a three-dimensional field. In the printing field, the printing of three-dimensional space to reproduce the three-dimensional image of the object-three-dimensional printing has become an important content in the special printing industry, such as some of our cute little cards, tilting the card or moving the card back and forth will see all kinds of wonderful Effect. These plastic cards are three-dimensional prints. Today, printing companies are using the grating lens printing process to obtain more complex products, ranging from labels and posters to packaging products, and even plastic cups. Although what we see is not stereoscopic effect in the true sense, but only visual deception, the broad development prospects of stereoscopic printing cannot be ignored.
The market on "eyeball"
The principle of three-dimensional printing is to simulate the distance between human eyes, shoot from different angles, and record the left and right pixels on the photosensitive material. When viewing, the left eye sees the left pixel and the right eye sees the right pixel. The printed matter produced according to this principle is For three-dimensional printing products. Three-dimensional printing can reproduce objects realistically, and has a strong three-dimensional sense. The product images are clear, rich in layers, vivid in image, and deep in the mood; the three-dimensional printed manuscripts are often shot by design or scenery, and the printed products are generally selected for high-quality coated paper and high temperature resistant ink printing, so the gloss is good, the colors are bright, It is not easy to fade; the surface of the printed product is covered with a layer of concavo-convex cylindrical mirror grating, which can directly watch the three-dimensional effect of the panoramic picture. From a physiological point of view, binocular parallax is the fundamental factor for people to obtain stereo vision, that is, in daily life, when people observe an object, due to the perspective between the two eyes, the image of the object seen by the left and right eyes will be different. , That is parallax, it gives people a three-dimensional sense.
Stereo printing is derived from three-dimensional image negatives. It uses traditional optical principles in the production and synthesis of shooting and production, which makes the application of stereoscopic photographs very limited. Due to the expensive production equipment and the complicated process technology, Due to the high production cost, 3D printing cannot be promoted and popularized. Therefore, 3D printing is also subject to unsatisfactory results such as long process flow in the pre-press platemaking process, large cumulative error between processes, reduced screen clarity, and affecting printing results. influences.
In the 1980s, due to the development of digital technology, the development of three-dimensional printing has been promoted, and the production technology has become increasingly perfect and stable. Three-dimensional printing has entered a new era-the digital age. Three-dimensional multi-image synthesis uses computer software and computer direct plate making (CTP) technology. After using CTP plate making equipment, the quality of the printing plate has been greatly improved. It can accurately reproduce fine dots and rich color levels. FM screening and local screening are used. Due to the popularity of Heidelberg printing presses, the quality of three-dimensional printing has made a qualitative leap, and it can be used for commercial printing and packaging printing on a large scale. Nowadays, the application scope of 3D printing is further expanded. The technology is applied to packaging and decoration products, commercial advertisements, science and education cartoons, postcards, New Year's cards, anti-counterfeiting marks, trademark tags, mouse holders, various credit cards, etc. The development time of three-dimensional printing in China is not short, but because it has not been able to find a suitable market positioning, its application is not very wide. However, with the development of related technologies and the growth of market demand, the domestic 3D printing industry is developing rapidly, and has formed a distinctive "Chinese characteristics", China's 3D printing market has unlimited business opportunities.
The soldiers and horses are not moving, "technology" comes first
Technology needs innovation. In recent years, the domestic three-dimensional printing market has been greatly developed and a number of well-known enterprises have emerged. But on the whole, domestic three-dimensional printing companies generally lack the spirit of innovation. One is the lack of technological innovation; the other is the lack of product innovation. Many domestic printing companies do not have enough knowledge about new product development. As long as they have the hard work on hand, they will not actively seek technological breakthroughs, and rarely work hard on developing new products. Different from abroad, printing methods such as fragrance and foamed grating, which are rare in China, have long been widely used in three-dimensional printing. Today, as printing companies become more and more digitized, 3D printing companies should apply the latest technology to the field of 3D printing. They should dare to explore, so that there will be great development.
Technically, professional software enters, and common image software is popular. Today, 3D printing related software is constantly being introduced and has already entered the Chinese market. Professional software such as 3D4U is well known in the field of 3D printing. It can be said that the entry of professional software into the market is also a breakthrough in 3D printing technology. It is more convenient to convert ordinary pictures into 3D printed manuscripts. Some large-scale three-dimensional printing enterprises in China have begun to use it. Although many professional production softwares have appeared, in general, ordinary image software (such as Photoshop, etc.) is still very popular with 3D printing companies. As for the reluctance to use professional software, some professionals are reluctant to try it because they are worried that the software does not come from practice. The price factor also discourages many 3D printing companies that are already familiar with the application of ordinary image software to switch to expensive professional software.
The innovation of printing equipment promotes the progress of three-dimensional printing. As the application of UV technology continues to mature, many equipment manufacturers have launched various types of UV offset presses. At the same time, printing plastic sheets with an offset press is no longer a problem. Heidelberg, Manroland, KBA, Komori, Ryobi, etc. have all launched offset presses with this function. The innovation of offset printing equipment has greatly promoted the development of three-dimensional printing, and printing directly on the grating can be realized. As a result, the production efficiency of three-dimensional printing is greatly improved, and the product accuracy is sufficiently guaranteed.
Multiple processes coexist. At present, the production level of 3D printing in China is uneven, and various processes are used. The situation of 3D printing enterprises is different, and the processes adopted are also different. But mainly the two methods described above, namely, printing directly on the grating and printing on the paper and then pasting on the grating, or pasting on the plastic film and pressing out the grating.
Increased environmental awareness. Whether three-dimensional printing is used in stationery, food packaging or children's toys, the requirements for environmental protection should not be ignored. At present, the European and American markets already have relevant laws and regulations in these areas, and China is constantly improving in this regard. If you still do not pay attention to environmental protection, it will inevitably limit the domestic printing companies to accept foreign orders to a certain extent. Environmental protection concerns almost all consumables in 3D printing, including grating materials, inks, paper, adhesives, etc. To be non-toxic and harmless, you must choose superior materials, which increases the production cost. The good news is that most three-dimensional printing companies now recognize this development trend and work hard on materials to make environmentally friendly products in order to retain more business.
One-man show
The three-dimensional printing enterprises are mostly in Guangdong, Shanghai and Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Many of these enterprises are joint ventures or wholly foreign-owned enterprises. In terms of business sources, especially for enterprises with a certain scale, foreign orders are the pillar business of enterprises. Obviously, foreign investment or joint ventures have unique advantages in receiving foreign orders. Such enterprises can easily rely on the resources of the foreign party to operate the foreign order business. At present, the application of 3D printing in foreign countries is more extensive, and the market is relatively mature. Many foreign companies have taken advantage of China's cheap labor and low production costs, and sent the 3D printing business to China to greatly reduce production costs. . Generally, the requirements for external orders are relatively high, and the consumables such as grating materials and inks need to be imported. Even so, domestic three-dimensional printing companies can still bring many benefits to foreign customers.
Some three-dimensional printing companies do not have their own printing equipment. After the film is produced, they need to be taken to other printing houses to print the finished or semi-finished products. . Such a phenomenon of printing by "machine" is not accidental, but is a phenomenon generally existing in the field of three-dimensional printing. The reason is that the printing equipment is expensive. Three-dimensional printing requires high precision. It needs to be printed on a thicker coated paper or cardboard or a thicker grating. The performance requirements of the printing machine are very high, and the damage to the printing equipment is more serious. Generally only some imported equipment To be competent. However, the cost of purchasing these imported equipment is extremely high, and most domestic three-dimensional printing companies have chosen to use the "machine" printing method.
At the same time, we should also see that 3D printing also has a large market in China. In addition, the pre-press technology and printing of 3D printing are almost the same as ordinary printing. Ordinary printing factories can regard it as a new investment project. At present, in With the cost of 3D printing already accepted by most printing houses, ordinary printing companies can increase their profits through this new investment project. Relatively speaking, three-dimensional printing is more profitable than traditional printing.
Expand new space
There are three types of three-dimensional products: three-dimensional, animation and abnormal maps. The change effect produced is completely different from traditional flat printing. The three-dimensional products easily catch people's attention because of their exquisite and novel and moving characteristics, and impress those customers who are pursuing novel vitality. These features enhance the added value of products, and become an excellent means for customers to promote commodities and improve their market image and novel advertising media. This kind of product has been popular in Europe and America for many years and is in great demand. At present, there are a variety of three-dimensional printing applications that can be developed on the market. Expanding the application field of 3D printing is also an important part of the development of 3D printing.
Three-dimensional cartoon. A three-dimensional cartoon can obtain a dynamic picture by changing the viewing angle. If the printed three-dimensional print is called a three-dimensional space print, and then the dynamic factor is added, the three-dimensional sense and animation can be combined to produce a new Four-dimensional space print. This three-dimensional print is more novel and has many applications.
Large format advertising. Three-dimensional printed light box advertisements are not common now, but there have been many attempts. Because large format advertising printing has high requirements for raster and ink, this kind of application is not much in China, mainly due to the high production cost. However, many people in the industry are still very optimistic about this application, because the light box advertising market is now highly competitive, and advertisers must come up with some new and more tempting forms of expression to attract customers. At present, the form of 3D printing is the best, and there is no need to invest expensive costs. As long as it is strictly controlled in technology, it can produce exquisite 3D printed products. Therefore, in the near future, such an updated form of publicity media will certainly be favored by advertisers.
Anti-counterfeiting function. The imaging technology of three-dimensional printing itself is equivalent to the use of optical encryption anti-counterfeiting methods, which cannot be simply copied like ordinary printed products. This technology can be applied to anti-counterfeiting labels for tobacco, alcohol, beverages, cosmetics, clothing, medicines and other products. Some experts boldly predicted that in the near future, three-dimensional printing trademarks will inevitably become the main anti-counterfeiting method.
For three-dimensional printing, its added value is several times higher than the processing profit of flat printing, and the market prospect is broad. At the same time, the three-dimensional printing technology is also constantly being discussed and updated to improve the technological process. Its purpose is to enable the effective development of three-dimensional printing in China's printing industry. In China, many printing manufacturers are engaged in the development and research of 3D printing technology, using scientific and technological means such as computers to creatively develop new technologies for 3D printing. Three-dimensional printing equipment and three-dimensional printing products have been fully marketed. This is a major innovation in the printing field and an inevitable development trend in the printing field. China's all-dimensional products, such as three-dimensional graphics, three-dimensional anti-counterfeit trademark signs, three-dimensional rainbow materials, etc. produced by three-dimensional printing equipment, have achieved world-leading three-dimensional image effects. Among the three-dimensional printed products, the novel, beautiful, realistic, multi-layered three-dimensional picture is deeply loved by people, and it is a high-tech project with wide application, rich profits and broad prospects.
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