[Company Sports Equipment Co., Ltd. official website news] You are really good, back to the company's official website, thank you for the high value of the face, but also to read Xiaobian articles, hoping to get your resonance and inspiration! The company's licensing of amusement equipment and sports equipment: suitable for playgrounds, parks, kindergartens, communities, shopping malls and other indoor and outdoor venues, set fitness and entertainment in one.
Exercising physical fitness is an essential component of athletic ability that is demonstrated by the athletic qualities of strength, speed, endurance, coordination, flexibility, and agility, and is an important component of competitive ability. The level of physical fitness is closely related to the morphological characteristics of the human body and the functional characteristics of the human body.
I. Overview
According to the performance and function of physical fitness in different groups of people, physical fitness can be divided into two levels: healthy physical fitness and competitive physical fitness. Healthy fitness refers to the functional capabilities of any organ system that are essential to any population and is the basis of competitive physical fitness. Competitive physical fitness is the physical function ability needed for further development of athletic competition based on healthy physical fitness.
The development of athletes' athletic performance is influenced by many factors. Congenital physical fitness is obtained through genetic effects, and acquired physical fitness is mainly improved through effective physical training. At the same time, it can be developed in a suitable geographical environment and a good social environment.
The direct task of physical training is to improve the athletic quality of athletes according to the needs of each project competition. To this end, it is also necessary to improve the performance of the athletes and strive to make the athlete's body form fit the requirements of the sports program.
The supply of energy during the human body's movement is achieved through the energy supply of the three major energy metabolism systems, and the coordinated work of nerves, bones, and muscles. The speed, strength, endurance, coordination, agility, and pliability required for training and competition are achieved by improving athletes' energy metabolism, neural, muscular, and skeletal system functions and meeting the needs of sports programs. Any sports program has specific requirements for the functions of energy metabolism, nerves, muscles, bones and other systems. Therefore, the first thing in physical fitness training must be clear is how the athletes will behave during the game, and how to improve the athletes' needs The ability of energy metabolism improves the function of the athlete's nervous, skeletal, and muscular systems [1].
Second, the basic requirements of physical training
1. Physical fitness training should be combined with special competitive characteristics
Physical fitness training is to improve the athlete's comprehensive competitive ability and must be combined with the characteristics of special competition. The content of physical training is to develop the special needs of sports quality, which, in turn, should highlight the main qualities needed for the development of special sports. When selecting or designing physical training methods, we should strive to relate to the specific technical action forms, motion structures, and energy metabolism methods. Physical fitness training should be organically combined with technology, tactics, and psychological training.
It is necessary to rationally arrange general physical training and special physical training. General physical training can fully develop athletes' athletic qualities such as strength, endurance, speed, agility, coordination and flexibility, and improve the function of athletes' organ systems, so that the athletes' body can develop in a balanced manner. At the same time, through general physical training, athletes' health is improved. The purpose of physical fitness training is to make athletes have received physical fitness directly to improve sports performance. General fitness training is for special fitness training, and special fitness is directly for improving the athlete's overall competitive level [1].
2. Physical fitness training should adapt to the phased characteristics of human growth and development
The degree of physical form and function that determine the quality of exercise varies in different stages of human development, and the plasticity of training varies. Training should be based on the characteristics of the plasticity of the development of the sensitive period of each sports quality, so that the quality of the corresponding period of development in the appropriate age, effectively develop the athlete's physical fitness [1].
Third, physical fitness evaluation
Physical fitness evaluation is the assessment of the athlete's physical ability and the logical starting point of physical fitness training. The physical fitness evaluation of athletes is the basic information of athlete's physical fitness through physical fitness test, and then it is completed through data analysis. As a reflection of the basic state of physical fitness of athletes, physical fitness evaluation not only plays an important role in the development of physical training programs for coaches, but also is an important basis for coaches to determine the physical training content of athletes. Divided by time, physical fitness evaluation includes three parts: initial evaluation, process evaluation and termination evaluation
Fourth, physical problems should pay attention to the test
1, pay attention to health and safety factors
Before the test, you should understand the health condition of the athletes and be adequately prepared for potential safety hazards. For example, if the athlete's waist is damaged, the maximum strength and seated body forward flexion test may not be performed. In addition, it is necessary to check in advance whether the test device and the environment are potentially dangerous during the test.
2, the development of the test program
Test plan or test plan is the key link in physical fitness test. It includes the selection of testing content and the purpose of testing, testing of the required equipment, equipment, testing basic requirements and specific operations. If the test plan is not reasonable, the reliability and validity of the test results will be affected.
3, test combinations and multiple tests
In test combinations and multiple tests, recovery time can be determined by athlete pulse and experience. What needs to be noticed is that after reflecting the athlete's index test under the limit state, the athlete should be given sufficient recovery time so as not to affect the subsequent test scores.
4, the test sequence
The basic principle of the test sequence arrangement is that the previous test content does not affect the subsequent test content.
When organizing multiple indicators tests, you should pay attention to:
1) First test in a quiet state and then in a sport state.
2) Test the item that the athlete is not likely to feel tired from; test the item that the athlete feels tired easily.
3) Perform the maximum strength test and speed test before performing endurance test.
4) Perform anaerobic test before performing aerobic test.
5. Preparation for athletes before testing
Preparations for athletes before testing include clear test purpose and content, understanding the test sequence, and familiarity with test methods. The degree of comprehension of the test intention by the athlete directly affects the objectivity of the test result. Pre-testing can make the athletes more clear about the whole process of the test and help the smooth progress of the test [1].
Fifth, the nature of physical fitness
To understand the essence of physical energy requires a very complicated process from appearance to essence. It is necessary to carefully study the appearance carefully and repeatedly to find out the connection between the appearance and the essence as well as the cause and effect. Through the analysis of the definition of physical energy, since physical energy is a kind of ability, this ability must be manifested by the appearance of kinematics and expressed in a certain form of movement. It is based on the different movement methods and ultimately the speed of the human body. The quality of the effects such as the height of the jump, the distance and the smallness of the movement range are expressed. However, this external performance is only part of the ability, not necessarily the full performance of all, only under the premise that people's ability to fully play out, it is the best performance of the ability. Again, this performance is only a result, and it truly reflects the size of the ability to show physical fitness during this exercise. From this point of view, the end result shown is only a measure of the size of physical fitness. The specific measure is the value of the results of various sports movements: the strength of the person is small, the duration of continuous exercise, The speed, the magnitude of the movement, and the sensitivity of the body. It can be seen that the strength, endurance, speed, flexibility, and agility that humans exhibit during their activities are the result of exercise (representation) rather than the root cause (essence). The human body is a complex and unified organism composed of nine major systems. The functions of the nine major systems determine the function of the human body during exercise. Therefore, to explore the essence of physical fitness, it is necessary to start from the nine major systems, so as to promote the physical training culture chain from kinematic appearance (power, endurance, speed, flexibility, and sensitive qualities, etc.), to dynamics, physiology and other essential laws (different Changes in the functions of various organ systems of physiological functions). It can also be said that the function of each organ system with different physiological functions can be studied as the true essence of physical energy in order to grasp the key of the physical energy culture chain.
For more information, please return to the company's official website of Sports Equipment Co., Ltd. Advisory telephone. The company's pleasure and dedication to serve you! Factory address: No. 16, Chuangqiang Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou City Light Industry Park.
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