Glass bottles can be divided into six categories according to their basic use and scope of application: medicines, perfumes and make-up products, beverages and food, cultural education, flower decoration and other. As far as the collection is concerned, there is no distinction between the six categories. Select the target, the hall to enter the room, you can know its elf Guao; see the road, people on the journey, in order to enjoy the scenery. Just as the empty and immortal old drug bottle, although the time has already hollowed out the secret pill Baodan stored inside, it leaves the ethereal shape of the ornament. The civilized yeast has been sealed up in time, and how can it be concealed? The fragrance of history?
The history of making and using glassware in China should be counted from before the Spring and Autumn Period. However, the fact that glass bottles really become objects of life and can be circulated is after the Ming and Qing dynasties. In ancient China, glass was often regarded as a valuable and mysterious object. Its main function was to be used to make fine accessories and viewing instruments. Studies in the natural history collection have confirmed that relative to jade ceramic works, the discovery of ancient intact glass bottles should be given the word “rareâ€. Because ancient glass bottles are rare and their special status is unique, they will be embraced exclusively by royal aristocrats. It is because ancient glass bottles have a small amount of world-famous value and precious treasures, so they will be collected by today's enthusiasts.
The Ming Dynasty was a critical period for the differentiation of glassware and the transformation of glass bottles in China. Economic development has promoted the prosperity of handicrafts and commerce; Zheng He made a new chapter in the history of Chinese and foreign economic cultures, especially medical exchanges. Corresponding scientific and technological cultural phenomenon is the unprecedented development of the medical industry in the Ming Dynasty. From the prince to the palace, from the scribe to the village husband, all the medical writings are handed down to the world, but the great composer is Li Shizhen's "Compendium of Materia Medica". With good social and economic conditions, coupled with the urgent needs of the elites for years to come, the glass that had previously been in a noble and mysterious position has been used by hospitals to produce fragrant drugs for exclusive enjoyment by the elite. Bottles. The production of glass medicine bottles in the Ming Dynasty was a luxury and novelty. Not only was the cost much higher than that of ceramic equivalent containers, but the style texture still retained the imitation of jade jewelry and the low-temperature melting glass properties, but In terms of transparency and styling of materials, the characteristics and trends of separation from traditional glass products have clearly emerged. Intricate shapes and classic inscriptions have shown that the Ming Dynasty glass medicine bottle is not only a precious container, but also a handicraft worthy of showing off.
The snuff bottle is a western plaything that has become popular in the country because of its love for the royal princes and nobles of the Qing dynasty. The ingenious Chinese glass craftsmen, on the basis of learning and drawing lessons from Western glass-making techniques, continuously researched and innovated to create a large number of exquisitely crafted and sophisticated Cigarillos. Their manufacturing process not only surpasses Europe and the United States, but also the artistic charm. Foreigners dumped for it. The popularity of smoke pots, especially the birth of the Qing Dynasty's third generation material feeders, has boosted the production of glass medicine bottles and improved their crafts. In the Qing Dynasty, new medical regulations were enacted and a medical qualification examination system was implemented. The overall level of the pharmaceutical industry has improved. The craftsmanship of the low-grade glassware has been handed down among the people, and the exquisite medicine bottles made by the imperial court and the official system still can only be enjoyed by wealthy aristocrats.
Comparing with the medicine bottle with complex decoration, elegant color and elegant appearance in the Ming Dynasty, the high-grade medicine bottles manufactured in the early and middle period of the Qing Dynasty were concisely stretched and plump. The value of its cultural relics and art appreciation can be compared with that of the contemporary official snuff bottle. It is because the royal family did not spare no effort to the strength of the product, as well as to put it into the sleeves and enjoy the taste of elegant leisure, only then make the glass bottle Seiko material of beauty, reached the peak of history.
With the economic development in the mid-Qing period, the prosperity of commerce, and the decline of the imperial power, craftsmen who mastered the art of glass manufacturing gradually got rid of the restrictions on “royal useâ€. They brought experience and wisdom to the people. The social stratum was further divided. A group of great businessmen and landlords came into being. Compared with nobility, they lack political status and prominent backgrounds, but the desire to enjoy longevity and lavish financial resources have made them thirsty for luxury products, especially for the packaging of expensive glass bottles. Their taste may not be as elegant as a scholar-bureaucrat, and their life may not be as noble as the princes. However, their secular tastes and utilitarian values ​​can influence the trend of glass bottle manufacturing at that time. Pharmaceutical companies catered to their needs to prepare medicines. Craftsmen made bottles for them in accordance with their preferences. Outside the imperial palace of the Imperial Palace, due to the rise of the wealthy class, a number of unique medicine bottles were born. These medicines loaded the information of the times. The preservation of the bottle has vividly reflected the historical features.
In order to create a colorless and transparent glass bottle that can truly show the color and charm of the drug, craftsmen have to master the technology of separating the impurities from the raw materials in the high-temperature melting process. They also need to be familiar with and use the various colors and complementary colors flexibly. formula. These seemingly non-mysterious craftsmanship took two hundred years ago. The ability to weave pure and transparent medicine bottles really represented a high level of glassware manufacturing at the time. The exchange of Chinese and foreign medicines has been a long time ago. In the Qing Dynasty, westerners entering the country gradually increased their glass bottles of western medicine and began to appear in the capital and important coastal port cities. Most of the owners of these drugs are Western missionaries who are involved in medicine. They have also transferred exotic religious cultures to China while also leaving the medicine bottles with exotic features in China. These old medicine bottles are generally made of fine materials and are produced in fine fashion, representing the advanced level of glass manufacturing technology in the West. Nowadays, they have become the treasures of domestic and foreign collectors looking for high prices. In the Qing Dynasty it was estimated that 30 glass bottles had been spread to China. As far as the value-added potential of collections is concerned, bottle bottles with inscriptions on the bottle and belonging to countries with small Western languages ​​will have even more striking performance.
In the middle and late Qing Dynasty, the manufacture of glass medicine bottles broke through the less rigid modeling model and the functional boundaries that are mainly used for rewards, and found and found new vitality and value in a broader world. The manufacture of the glass-manufacturing industry, which is driven by the commercial interests, has begun to rise. Glass bottles, as an ethereal fashion and novelty of cultural and technological culture, have been unconventional and show their grace since the Ming Dynasty. It has become a symbol of the new wave of the times and a carrier of new ideas. Influenced by the craftsmanship and style of western glass bottles, and in order to cater to the needs of worshippers of Western civilization, in the handicraft products, glass medicine bottles were the first to try to change ancient shapes such as gourds, flat peaches, and gossip, as well as Fulu Shouxi. The decorative designs of local symbols such as wealth.
After the Opium War, the Qing Empire had internal and external troubles. The opening of the country’s doors, the influx of foreign powers, and the semi-feudal and semi-colonial socialization have become a reality. The market is disorderly and foreign goods are rampant. The Chinese people have a strong sense of novelty about Western lifestyles and commodities. The prevailing winds from top to bottom in the opposition and opposition fields, Western medicines exquisitely packaged in glass bottles, have become the object of chasing by wealthy and powerful people. Wang Gonggui sees Western-style tonic as a symbol of fashion and supremacy. On the one hand, the nobles enjoy luxury and extravagance. On the other hand, the people are displaced and sick, and the huge social contrasts have aroused the patriotism of the people. The "Westernization Movement" and "Revolutionary Reform" occurred in succession; Sun Yat-sen, Lu Xun and other national elites went abroad to study medicine. The adherence and resistance of the Chinese medical community are extremely tragic. Drug dealers from the Wuyuan Medicine Township in the Loess Plateau played an authentic national brand with a thousand-year-old foundation and created imposing glass medicine bottles. They expressed their desire to decide with the western medicine. A winning ambition. The Chinese and Western pharmacies established by Gu Songquan during the Guangxu period are adaptable. Western advanced glass manufacturing techniques are introduced to produce exquisite medicine bottles that combine Chinese and Western foods, embodying the patience and resourcefulness of using Rocco Steel as an afterthought. It is difficult to break the law and the history is ruthless. The sages can't save the dynasty. However, the spirit of lofty ideals for defending the national dignity and forgetting me is like those old glass medicine bottles. The beauty of the glass bottle is not only the cleverness and material, but also the traces of its years of burning and the ancient Olympics. It is these bizarre and quasi-worldly signs that affect the collection value of medicine bottles.
The old medicine bottle is empty and elegant, quiet and warm, but it does not raise publicity, but it is soft and fragile, but it is independent of the world. This unique personality and quality often resonate with the mind of the collector. Glass bottle players at home and abroad enjoy much higher levels of appreciation, not because of the vulgar gentleman's academic titles, but because of that sadness.
As a product of human civilization, the glass medicine bottle was originally provided by the demander. The nobles of the royal family are used for pastimes and enjoyment; they love their exquisiteness; the richer and younger are more expensive than the rich; they are expensive; the pharmacy of the pharmacy uses it to increase profit, and it is to know its craftsmanship; the craftsmen rely on it to support their families and make a living. Best-selling. The Ming Dynasty medicine bottle was precious, because it was a specimen of successful differentiation of Chinese glass medicine bottle; early in the morning, the price of the medicine bottle was high because of its irreplaceable artistic value; the middle period of the drug bottle was rare because it retained the Chinese glass bottle manufacturing process. The exchange explores the results obtained after the improvement; the late Qing Dynasty medicine bottle is important because it contains information on the difficult start of the ethnic medicine industry and the creation of the national brand; the medicine bottle in the late Qing Dynasty was indispensable because it remembered the grief of the Chinese people and the people. Prevailing, the traditional medicine business suffers from the humiliation of bullying and bullying.
China's glass bottle collection is currently immersed in the spring of bird flying, and the elegant old glass players do not seem to want to rush to contaminate the market. However, the number of old glass bottles in China is declining, and the forces of quick success and instant profit are permeated. Considering the fact that there is no museum in the country that has a collection of old glass bottles, we can not but lament the detachment of the domestic collection industry and the innocence of the collection market. After all, glass bottle enthusiasts have long been poised to become a butterfly or a terrified excavation. They will eventually happen in the coming fiery season.
The history of making and using glassware in China should be counted from before the Spring and Autumn Period. However, the fact that glass bottles really become objects of life and can be circulated is after the Ming and Qing dynasties. In ancient China, glass was often regarded as a valuable and mysterious object. Its main function was to be used to make fine accessories and viewing instruments. Studies in the natural history collection have confirmed that relative to jade ceramic works, the discovery of ancient intact glass bottles should be given the word “rareâ€. Because ancient glass bottles are rare and their special status is unique, they will be embraced exclusively by royal aristocrats. It is because ancient glass bottles have a small amount of world-famous value and precious treasures, so they will be collected by today's enthusiasts.
The Ming Dynasty was a critical period for the differentiation of glassware and the transformation of glass bottles in China. Economic development has promoted the prosperity of handicrafts and commerce; Zheng He made a new chapter in the history of Chinese and foreign economic cultures, especially medical exchanges. Corresponding scientific and technological cultural phenomenon is the unprecedented development of the medical industry in the Ming Dynasty. From the prince to the palace, from the scribe to the village husband, all the medical writings are handed down to the world, but the great composer is Li Shizhen's "Compendium of Materia Medica". With good social and economic conditions, coupled with the urgent needs of the elites for years to come, the glass that had previously been in a noble and mysterious position has been used by hospitals to produce fragrant drugs for exclusive enjoyment by the elite. Bottles. The production of glass medicine bottles in the Ming Dynasty was a luxury and novelty. Not only was the cost much higher than that of ceramic equivalent containers, but the style texture still retained the imitation of jade jewelry and the low-temperature melting glass properties, but In terms of transparency and styling of materials, the characteristics and trends of separation from traditional glass products have clearly emerged. Intricate shapes and classic inscriptions have shown that the Ming Dynasty glass medicine bottle is not only a precious container, but also a handicraft worthy of showing off.
The snuff bottle is a western plaything that has become popular in the country because of its love for the royal princes and nobles of the Qing dynasty. The ingenious Chinese glass craftsmen, on the basis of learning and drawing lessons from Western glass-making techniques, continuously researched and innovated to create a large number of exquisitely crafted and sophisticated Cigarillos. Their manufacturing process not only surpasses Europe and the United States, but also the artistic charm. Foreigners dumped for it. The popularity of smoke pots, especially the birth of the Qing Dynasty's third generation material feeders, has boosted the production of glass medicine bottles and improved their crafts. In the Qing Dynasty, new medical regulations were enacted and a medical qualification examination system was implemented. The overall level of the pharmaceutical industry has improved. The craftsmanship of the low-grade glassware has been handed down among the people, and the exquisite medicine bottles made by the imperial court and the official system still can only be enjoyed by wealthy aristocrats.
Comparing with the medicine bottle with complex decoration, elegant color and elegant appearance in the Ming Dynasty, the high-grade medicine bottles manufactured in the early and middle period of the Qing Dynasty were concisely stretched and plump. The value of its cultural relics and art appreciation can be compared with that of the contemporary official snuff bottle. It is because the royal family did not spare no effort to the strength of the product, as well as to put it into the sleeves and enjoy the taste of elegant leisure, only then make the glass bottle Seiko material of beauty, reached the peak of history.
With the economic development in the mid-Qing period, the prosperity of commerce, and the decline of the imperial power, craftsmen who mastered the art of glass manufacturing gradually got rid of the restrictions on “royal useâ€. They brought experience and wisdom to the people. The social stratum was further divided. A group of great businessmen and landlords came into being. Compared with nobility, they lack political status and prominent backgrounds, but the desire to enjoy longevity and lavish financial resources have made them thirsty for luxury products, especially for the packaging of expensive glass bottles. Their taste may not be as elegant as a scholar-bureaucrat, and their life may not be as noble as the princes. However, their secular tastes and utilitarian values ​​can influence the trend of glass bottle manufacturing at that time. Pharmaceutical companies catered to their needs to prepare medicines. Craftsmen made bottles for them in accordance with their preferences. Outside the imperial palace of the Imperial Palace, due to the rise of the wealthy class, a number of unique medicine bottles were born. These medicines loaded the information of the times. The preservation of the bottle has vividly reflected the historical features.
In order to create a colorless and transparent glass bottle that can truly show the color and charm of the drug, craftsmen have to master the technology of separating the impurities from the raw materials in the high-temperature melting process. They also need to be familiar with and use the various colors and complementary colors flexibly. formula. These seemingly non-mysterious craftsmanship took two hundred years ago. The ability to weave pure and transparent medicine bottles really represented a high level of glassware manufacturing at the time. The exchange of Chinese and foreign medicines has been a long time ago. In the Qing Dynasty, westerners entering the country gradually increased their glass bottles of western medicine and began to appear in the capital and important coastal port cities. Most of the owners of these drugs are Western missionaries who are involved in medicine. They have also transferred exotic religious cultures to China while also leaving the medicine bottles with exotic features in China. These old medicine bottles are generally made of fine materials and are produced in fine fashion, representing the advanced level of glass manufacturing technology in the West. Nowadays, they have become the treasures of domestic and foreign collectors looking for high prices. In the Qing Dynasty it was estimated that 30 glass bottles had been spread to China. As far as the value-added potential of collections is concerned, bottle bottles with inscriptions on the bottle and belonging to countries with small Western languages ​​will have even more striking performance.
In the middle and late Qing Dynasty, the manufacture of glass medicine bottles broke through the less rigid modeling model and the functional boundaries that are mainly used for rewards, and found and found new vitality and value in a broader world. The manufacture of the glass-manufacturing industry, which is driven by the commercial interests, has begun to rise. Glass bottles, as an ethereal fashion and novelty of cultural and technological culture, have been unconventional and show their grace since the Ming Dynasty. It has become a symbol of the new wave of the times and a carrier of new ideas. Influenced by the craftsmanship and style of western glass bottles, and in order to cater to the needs of worshippers of Western civilization, in the handicraft products, glass medicine bottles were the first to try to change ancient shapes such as gourds, flat peaches, and gossip, as well as Fulu Shouxi. The decorative designs of local symbols such as wealth.
After the Opium War, the Qing Empire had internal and external troubles. The opening of the country’s doors, the influx of foreign powers, and the semi-feudal and semi-colonial socialization have become a reality. The market is disorderly and foreign goods are rampant. The Chinese people have a strong sense of novelty about Western lifestyles and commodities. The prevailing winds from top to bottom in the opposition and opposition fields, Western medicines exquisitely packaged in glass bottles, have become the object of chasing by wealthy and powerful people. Wang Gonggui sees Western-style tonic as a symbol of fashion and supremacy. On the one hand, the nobles enjoy luxury and extravagance. On the other hand, the people are displaced and sick, and the huge social contrasts have aroused the patriotism of the people. The "Westernization Movement" and "Revolutionary Reform" occurred in succession; Sun Yat-sen, Lu Xun and other national elites went abroad to study medicine. The adherence and resistance of the Chinese medical community are extremely tragic. Drug dealers from the Wuyuan Medicine Township in the Loess Plateau played an authentic national brand with a thousand-year-old foundation and created imposing glass medicine bottles. They expressed their desire to decide with the western medicine. A winning ambition. The Chinese and Western pharmacies established by Gu Songquan during the Guangxu period are adaptable. Western advanced glass manufacturing techniques are introduced to produce exquisite medicine bottles that combine Chinese and Western foods, embodying the patience and resourcefulness of using Rocco Steel as an afterthought. It is difficult to break the law and the history is ruthless. The sages can't save the dynasty. However, the spirit of lofty ideals for defending the national dignity and forgetting me is like those old glass medicine bottles. The beauty of the glass bottle is not only the cleverness and material, but also the traces of its years of burning and the ancient Olympics. It is these bizarre and quasi-worldly signs that affect the collection value of medicine bottles.
The old medicine bottle is empty and elegant, quiet and warm, but it does not raise publicity, but it is soft and fragile, but it is independent of the world. This unique personality and quality often resonate with the mind of the collector. Glass bottle players at home and abroad enjoy much higher levels of appreciation, not because of the vulgar gentleman's academic titles, but because of that sadness.
As a product of human civilization, the glass medicine bottle was originally provided by the demander. The nobles of the royal family are used for pastimes and enjoyment; they love their exquisiteness; the richer and younger are more expensive than the rich; they are expensive; the pharmacy of the pharmacy uses it to increase profit, and it is to know its craftsmanship; the craftsmen rely on it to support their families and make a living. Best-selling. The Ming Dynasty medicine bottle was precious, because it was a specimen of successful differentiation of Chinese glass medicine bottle; early in the morning, the price of the medicine bottle was high because of its irreplaceable artistic value; the middle period of the drug bottle was rare because it retained the Chinese glass bottle manufacturing process. The exchange explores the results obtained after the improvement; the late Qing Dynasty medicine bottle is important because it contains information on the difficult start of the ethnic medicine industry and the creation of the national brand; the medicine bottle in the late Qing Dynasty was indispensable because it remembered the grief of the Chinese people and the people. Prevailing, the traditional medicine business suffers from the humiliation of bullying and bullying.
China's glass bottle collection is currently immersed in the spring of bird flying, and the elegant old glass players do not seem to want to rush to contaminate the market. However, the number of old glass bottles in China is declining, and the forces of quick success and instant profit are permeated. Considering the fact that there is no museum in the country that has a collection of old glass bottles, we can not but lament the detachment of the domestic collection industry and the innocence of the collection market. After all, glass bottle enthusiasts have long been poised to become a butterfly or a terrified excavation. They will eventually happen in the coming fiery season.
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