Third, how to ensure the quality of construction
The paint film formed by the latex paint is different from the paint. It is porous and breathable, and has a certain alkali resistance. It can be applied on the base layer which has been initially dried and returned to the white wall. A small amount of water in the base layer can pass. The coating film migrates outward and disperses without destroying the coating film, and the coating film is dried quickly, and it takes only a few hours between constructions. These characteristics are very beneficial for speeding up the construction schedule and shortening the construction period.
One of the main advantages of latex paint is that the leveling property is particularly good. Construction according to the construction specifications can ensure that the surface is as clean as porcelain. Since the surface layer is only 0.1 mm thick, the base layer must be handled well. It is required that the base layer must have sufficient strength, no powdering, sanding and peeling, and the base layer is not required to be uneven. Therefore, three or three grindings are required, and then the latex paint is applied twice. The base layer is slightly uneven and exposed. The latex paint is fine and the advantages of smoothness are not displayed. Therefore, before applying the latex paint, it is necessary to check whether the base layer is flat, otherwise it will cause rework, cost and labor.
In order to save materials, some construction workers can easily mix water into the latex paint, which is not allowed by economical latex paint. Some high-grade latex paints can be mixed with water, some are concentrated, some have excellent hiding power, and some have excellent scrubbing properties, but this does not mean that water is to be added without limitation, and the coating area is expanded without limitation.
Assuming that the solid content of the latex paint is 50%, and the 1kg latex paint is 8 square meters, the effective component per square meter of the wall is about 60g. If the coating is 50 square meters, the effective ingredient is only 10g/square meter. Imagine that if a coating is applied to a wall, the thickness of the coating film is very thin, and the washing resistance will be greatly reduced to less than 300 standard requirements, which will inevitably directly affect the decorative effect and the service life.
4. Common quality problems and preventive measures in construction
Drumming
main reason
(1) The base layer is not strong, there are dust, oil stains and loose objects, such as the original painted wall. The base layer has high water content and strong alkalinity.
(2) Putty is not resistant to water. Because the latex paint has a certain water permeability, if the coating is exposed to water or humid air, the water will enter the base layer from the surface layer. If the putty is not resistant to water, it will fall off.
(3) The construction humidity is too low, and the minimum film formation temperature (+5 ° C) is not reached, so that no continuous film is formed.
(4) The coating is too thick, the surface of the coating is dry and the inside is not dry. The base layer is too dry and the latex paint is applied to cause partial demulsification.
Preventive measures
When the base layer is treated, the surface loose matter is eliminated and repaired with a certain amount of putty. The base layer is allowed to dry, the moisture content is less than 10%, and the surface pH is less than 10. It is generally controlled by the concrete curing period. At 15-30 °C, the mortar surface is separated by 7 days, and the cast-in-place concrete is separated by 21 days before construction.
(2) When applying putty, apply 107 glue or latex to adjust the putty. Do not use only cellulose and old powder to putty.
(3) The latex paint construction temperature is above 5 °C, and it should not be lower than this temperature before film formation.
(4) If the latex paint is too thick, it can be diluted with a certain amount of water according to the instructions. If the base layer is too dry, brush it with a small amount of water and dry it before applying it.
2. Uneven color, hair color
main reason
(1) The latex paint is not evenly mixed, and the emulsion, filler and color distribution are uneven. The coating amount is not enough, the bottom cannot be covered, or the coating film thickness is uneven.
(2) The base layer is not flat. Due to the action of light, the base layer is usually light in color, and the color is dark when there are irregularities.
(3) The base layer is strong in alkali, and the efflorescence causes the latex paint to change color and bloom.
Preventive measures
(1) The latex paint should be thoroughly stirred during construction. It should be applied as evenly as possible. If the latex paint is too thin or the hiding power is not good, it should be applied once more.
(2) The putty should be leveled and then painted with latex paint.
(3) Let the PH value of the base layer be less than 10 and then apply it. If necessary, use a sealing agent to prevent the alkaline substance from seeping out.
3. Remove powder and yellow
main reason
(1) The construction temperature is lower than the minimum film forming temperature of the latex paint, and the coating does not form a continuous film and is pulverized.
(2) There are many impurities mixed in the latex paint. For example, the added water is not clean and mixed with other paints.
(3) The base layer of efflorescence, or the latex paint is not completely film-formed, it is decorated with paint, and the solvent and latex paint in the paint act to make the coating yellow.
Preventive measures
(1) During construction, the temperature should not be lower than 5 °C.
(2) Prevent the intrusion of debris, use clean water and latex paint.
(3) The preventive measures for efflorescence have been introduced above. Prevent the paint from yellowing the coating as long as the latex paint is finished and then painted.
4. Serious brush marks
The main reason for the obvious brush marks is that the water in the latex paint volatilizes, the paint does not reach the leveling, and the film has been formed, thus leaving traces of the brush.
Preventive measures
(1) Improve the technology of construction workers;
(2) The base layer should not be too dry;
(3) The latex paint used in the last coating should be rare;
(4) Use some construction tools, such as wool brush or an imported roller, or spray coating to achieve no brush marks. Of course, the brush marks are also related to the construction temperature and humidity.
In fact, to ensure the quality of construction, on-site management of construction is also the key. Only by grasping the site management, improving the technical level of the construction personnel, and following the standard construction, can we obtain satisfactory results.
The paint film formed by the latex paint is different from the paint. It is porous and breathable, and has a certain alkali resistance. It can be applied on the base layer which has been initially dried and returned to the white wall. A small amount of water in the base layer can pass. The coating film migrates outward and disperses without destroying the coating film, and the coating film is dried quickly, and it takes only a few hours between constructions. These characteristics are very beneficial for speeding up the construction schedule and shortening the construction period.
One of the main advantages of latex paint is that the leveling property is particularly good. Construction according to the construction specifications can ensure that the surface is as clean as porcelain. Since the surface layer is only 0.1 mm thick, the base layer must be handled well. It is required that the base layer must have sufficient strength, no powdering, sanding and peeling, and the base layer is not required to be uneven. Therefore, three or three grindings are required, and then the latex paint is applied twice. The base layer is slightly uneven and exposed. The latex paint is fine and the advantages of smoothness are not displayed. Therefore, before applying the latex paint, it is necessary to check whether the base layer is flat, otherwise it will cause rework, cost and labor.
In order to save materials, some construction workers can easily mix water into the latex paint, which is not allowed by economical latex paint. Some high-grade latex paints can be mixed with water, some are concentrated, some have excellent hiding power, and some have excellent scrubbing properties, but this does not mean that water is to be added without limitation, and the coating area is expanded without limitation.
Assuming that the solid content of the latex paint is 50%, and the 1kg latex paint is 8 square meters, the effective component per square meter of the wall is about 60g. If the coating is 50 square meters, the effective ingredient is only 10g/square meter. Imagine that if a coating is applied to a wall, the thickness of the coating film is very thin, and the washing resistance will be greatly reduced to less than 300 standard requirements, which will inevitably directly affect the decorative effect and the service life.
4. Common quality problems and preventive measures in construction
Drumming
main reason
(1) The base layer is not strong, there are dust, oil stains and loose objects, such as the original painted wall. The base layer has high water content and strong alkalinity.
(2) Putty is not resistant to water. Because the latex paint has a certain water permeability, if the coating is exposed to water or humid air, the water will enter the base layer from the surface layer. If the putty is not resistant to water, it will fall off.
(3) The construction humidity is too low, and the minimum film formation temperature (+5 ° C) is not reached, so that no continuous film is formed.
(4) The coating is too thick, the surface of the coating is dry and the inside is not dry. The base layer is too dry and the latex paint is applied to cause partial demulsification.
Preventive measures
When the base layer is treated, the surface loose matter is eliminated and repaired with a certain amount of putty. The base layer is allowed to dry, the moisture content is less than 10%, and the surface pH is less than 10. It is generally controlled by the concrete curing period. At 15-30 °C, the mortar surface is separated by 7 days, and the cast-in-place concrete is separated by 21 days before construction.
(2) When applying putty, apply 107 glue or latex to adjust the putty. Do not use only cellulose and old powder to putty.
(3) The latex paint construction temperature is above 5 °C, and it should not be lower than this temperature before film formation.
(4) If the latex paint is too thick, it can be diluted with a certain amount of water according to the instructions. If the base layer is too dry, brush it with a small amount of water and dry it before applying it.
2. Uneven color, hair color
main reason
(1) The latex paint is not evenly mixed, and the emulsion, filler and color distribution are uneven. The coating amount is not enough, the bottom cannot be covered, or the coating film thickness is uneven.
(2) The base layer is not flat. Due to the action of light, the base layer is usually light in color, and the color is dark when there are irregularities.
(3) The base layer is strong in alkali, and the efflorescence causes the latex paint to change color and bloom.
Preventive measures
(1) The latex paint should be thoroughly stirred during construction. It should be applied as evenly as possible. If the latex paint is too thin or the hiding power is not good, it should be applied once more.
(2) The putty should be leveled and then painted with latex paint.
(3) Let the PH value of the base layer be less than 10 and then apply it. If necessary, use a sealing agent to prevent the alkaline substance from seeping out.
3. Remove powder and yellow
main reason
(1) The construction temperature is lower than the minimum film forming temperature of the latex paint, and the coating does not form a continuous film and is pulverized.
(2) There are many impurities mixed in the latex paint. For example, the added water is not clean and mixed with other paints.
(3) The base layer of efflorescence, or the latex paint is not completely film-formed, it is decorated with paint, and the solvent and latex paint in the paint act to make the coating yellow.
Preventive measures
(1) During construction, the temperature should not be lower than 5 °C.
(2) Prevent the intrusion of debris, use clean water and latex paint.
(3) The preventive measures for efflorescence have been introduced above. Prevent the paint from yellowing the coating as long as the latex paint is finished and then painted.
4. Serious brush marks
The main reason for the obvious brush marks is that the water in the latex paint volatilizes, the paint does not reach the leveling, and the film has been formed, thus leaving traces of the brush.
Preventive measures
(1) Improve the technology of construction workers;
(2) The base layer should not be too dry;
(3) The latex paint used in the last coating should be rare;
(4) Use some construction tools, such as wool brush or an imported roller, or spray coating to achieve no brush marks. Of course, the brush marks are also related to the construction temperature and humidity.
In fact, to ensure the quality of construction, on-site management of construction is also the key. Only by grasping the site management, improving the technical level of the construction personnel, and following the standard construction, can we obtain satisfactory results.
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