China's screen printing materials such as screen, photosensitive glue, and ink have made great progress, but compared with the screen printing materials produced by foreign advanced manufacturers, there are still certain gaps, such as: high strength, low elongation high mesh Net; high-sensitivity non-diazo type photosensitive adhesive; UV ink, water-based ink, etc.
1. Wire Mesh
At present, China's annual imports of silk screens have reached more than 1 million meters, and imported products are mainly polyester screens and nylon screens with more than 270 mesh. High-density wire mesh with high technical content, high-strength low-stretch wire mesh, anti-static wire mesh, calendering and other special-treated wire mesh and polyester high mesh wire mesh all need to be imported.
Domestic polyester mesh and nylon mesh have a good market, and polyester mesh has a small amount of export, but the domestic mesh is too few in type and specification, and high-quality, high-mesh, wide-width mesh needs to be developed.
A new type of non-woven wire mesh has been developed abroad. This kind of wire mesh overcomes the trouble of applying photosensitive tape at the junction of the traditional wire mesh warp and weft. Modern advanced ultra-fine graphics screen printing, fine-level screen printing, high-precision positioning screen printing, special ink quantitative screen printing and large-scale color tone screen printing, etc., all put forward higher requirements for the screen used: such as high strength , Low elongation rate, repeatability, consistency, long service life, etc .; such as printed electronic micro-components, integrated circuits, multilayer printed circuits, fluorescent digital displays, aerospace instrument flat panel displays and other high-tech products; such as online time Some screen printing requires anti-static, metallization, physical, chemical treatment or silk screen made of special materials.
Recently, the precision of printed circuit boards and electronic components is obvious, and the accuracy of dimensional position is very high. In addition to the polyester, polyamide and stainless steel in the past, there are also meshes that use high-tensile polyester as the core and polyamide as the core sleeve. It is made of polypropylene fiber, with a mesh of 330 mesh, a wire diameter of 23μm, and an interweave of 36μm. It can obtain high tension and is truly an epoch-making silk screen. Moreover, in order to meet the requirements of precision, these screens have undergone various treatments such as plasma treatment, metal evaporation, and polishing.
2. Photosensitive adhesive
China's screen printing has made great progress in plate-making photoresist, diazo-type photoresist has been able to meet the needs. The long-used manual engraving plate-making method 1 describes the plate-making method, and the dichromate-type plate-making method is basically replaced by a higher-resolution diazo photosensitive (or diazonium salt) plate-making method. The water-resistant and solvent-resistant diazo photoresist produced in China is close to the advanced foreign level in terms of use effect, and can meet the requirements of general precision template production.
1. Dichromate Photoresist
Dichromate + OVA (early protein). The storage period is shortened due to dark reaction, and the use of heavy metals has been restricted due to the pollution problem.
2. Diazo Photosensitive Adhesive
â‘ Diazo resin + PVA + polymer emulsion. According to the mixing ratio of PVA and polymer emulsion, it has solvent resistance and water resistance. Due to the peak absorption near 375nm, it is more appropriate to use metal halogen lamps or ultra-high pressure mercury lamps. This type of photosensitive liquid has less odor and skin irritation, is easy to modulate, and is easy to remove and regenerate. It is cheaper.
â‘¡ Diazo resin + PVA + polymer emulsion + acrylate monomer. It is an acrylate monomer in which a photopolymerization initiator is added to the composition of diazo resin, PVA, and polymer emulsion, and is cured at the same time according to the cross-linking reaction of diazo resin and the polymerization reaction of acryloyl group. Due to the increased polymerization crosslinking of acrylates, water resistance and solvent resistance have been improved, resulting in improved high resolution and edge definition.
3. Non-diazo photosensitive adhesive
â‘ SBQ.PVA + polymer emulsion SBQ.PVA is an acronym for PVA added with styrene pyridine salt. SBQ is phenethyl pyridine salt, which not only has high sensitivity, but also has good water resistance. PVA is cross-linked and insoluble in water. This compound has high sensitivity, and has excellent storage stability in the state where the photosensitive liquid is applied.
② SBQ.PVA + polymer emulsion + acrylate. Because SBQ is used as the cross-linking agent, high sensitivity is achieved, and thick film plates (300-400μm) are also easy to make. Among the current sensitizers for screen printing, both water-based and solvent-based inks can be used, and high-sensitivity plates can be produced, referring to such sensitizers
It is predicted that in the 21st century, SBQ photoresist will replace diazo type photoresist and become the most used photoresist. SBQ is a single-liquid type photosensitive adhesive, so there is no need to add photosensitizer; it can be used immediately, saving time and not wasting. The sensitivity is 3-5 times higher than that of diazo photosensitive adhesive, and the exposure time is about 1/5 of diazo. Can save energy, reduce costs and improve work efficiency. The resolution is high, and the reproduction performance and development performance of the original are excellent. Ultra-precision printing of thin lines is possible. High concentration, good coating performance, smooth film surface, clear plate making lines, and can make thick film screen. The storage stability is excellent, it can be stored for at least 3 years under high temperature and humid climate, and has no effect on the plate making. Therefore, PS version (pre-coated version) or film can be made, which can be stored for a long time.
In the past, the color accuracy of screen printing in screen printing can only reach 40-100l. As seen in CD (DVD) disk printing, the demand for more vivid printing of audiovisual images and video game products has increased dramatically. For this reason, the image should reach 80-133l or more. The photoresist is a non-diazo photoresist and is the direction of future development.
3. Development Trend of Screen Printing Inks
The screen printing inks produced in China are relatively complete. There are both solvent-based inks suitable for various printing materials, as well as newly developed water-based inks and ultraviolet inks. Some of them have very good quality and should be said to develop rapidly. However, due to the wide range of screen printing substrates, such as metal, plastics, ceramics, glass, sheets, leather, fabrics, etc., whether it is flat or shaped screen printing requires a large number of screen printing inks matching the substrate.
At present, China's high-quality, high-definition printed inks and special-purpose inks, four-color screening inks and UV inks are almost imported. Therefore, the application and development of screen printing inks have infinitely bright prospects. To this end, screen printing ink factories should develop inks with corresponding fineness, fluidity, viscosity and other characteristics for different substrates and process requirements for printing materials and different industries. An important way in the field of screen printing. In particular, China's water-based ink UV ink has a promising future and needs to be vigorously developed.
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